This is a curated set of information and resources on CMP in music education by Evan Tobias – updated 2025-08-16
Contents
What is Comprehensive Musicianship Through Performance (CMP)?
- Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance (CMP) is a model or approach for working with repertoire in ensembles (band, choir, orchestra, etc.) to teach musical concepts, skills, expressive musicianship, music history, socio-cultural issues, and other aspects of being musical.
- CMP is a more specific application of “comprehensive musicianship” in an ensemble setting with a focus on engaging students with repertoire.
- CMP can support you in taking a more comprehensive approach to your ensemble by combining rehearsals with units and plans to develop students’ conceptual understanding and skill development. CMP works towards supporting students in transferring their developing musical understanding and musicianship across musical contexts.
Laura Sindberg (2012) explains:
“Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance (CMP) is a framework for planning instruction that promotes a holistic form of music learning. It is a planned process to guide instruction in cognitive, affective, and skill development. Or, in the words of a good friend, “know, do, and feel.” The CMP model consists of five planning points: analysis, assessment, music selection, outcomes, and strategies. When applied to a musical composition, the result is a teaching plan that invites students to fully engage with the music as they perform, listen to, describe, analyze, compare, and explore the compositions in their band folders. Or choir folders. Or orchestra folders” (p. xi)
Laura Sindberg – from Just Good Teaching (2012)
Resources on CMP in Music Education
(some of the resources include affiliate links)
Books for Understanding and Applying CMP in your Band, Orchestra, or Choir
- O’Toole, P. A. (2003). Shaping sound musicians: An innovative approach to teaching comprehensive musicianship through performance. GIA Publications Ltd.
- Patricia O’Toole’s book gives an overview of CMP and goes deep into the teaching practices and pedagogical approaches needed to engage in CMP units. The book also provides examples of how to weave CMP into concerts and several teaching plans
- Sindberg, L. (2012). Just good teaching: Comprehensive musicianship through performance in theory and practice. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC.
- Laura Sindberg’s book gives an overview of CMP, explains the principles that inform CMP, and outlines how to apply CMP in your ensemble. The book includes annecdotes from people who practice CMP, a concrete example of what doing CMP would look like with repertoire, and includes resources to go deeper. Engaging with Just good teaching gives you a foundation to get started immediately.
Websites that Promote and Support CMP in Music Education
- Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance – CMP Committee of the Wisconsin Music Educators Associations
- Gives an overview, background information, examples, and resources, and information on related professional development
- Illinois Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance
- Provides numerous CMP plans, resources, and information on related professional development
Articles with Practical Guidance & Perspectives on CMP in Music Education
- Ester, D. P. (1997). Choral methods and the CMP model. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 6(2), 26-28.
- Hrudik, M. (2024). STAR TEACHING: Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance and the Five Point Model. American String Teacher, 74(3), 34-37.
Published Research on Comprehensive Musicianship Through Performance in Music Education
Note: You can also find numerous dissertations on specific aspects of CMP applied to particular types of music education settings.
- Berg, M. H., & Sindberg, L. K. (2014). Supports for and constraints on comprehensive musicianship through performance-based student teaching. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, (201), 61-77.
- Liaw, Q. N., Beh, W. F., & Lee, F. H. (2025). Comprehensive Musicianship through Performance (CMP) model in choir ensemble: Perspective form choirmasters in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Music Education,
- Sindberg, L. K. (2016). Elements of a successful professional learning community for music teachers using comprehensive musicianship through performance. Journal of Research in Music Education, 64(2), 202-219.
- Sindberg, L. K. (2009). The evolution of comprehensive musicianship through performance (CMP)—A model for teaching performing with understanding in the ensemble setting. Contributions to Music Education, 25-39.



